Professional Dental Splint for Teeth Grinding Mouth Guard for Clenching at Night TMJ Relief Protection Bruxism Custom Fit Bite Tray

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Bruxism is derived from the Greek word βρύκειν ( brykein) "to bite, or to gnash, grind the teeth". [36] [37] [38] People with bruxism are called bruxists or bruxers and the verb itself is "to brux". There is no widely accepted definition of bruxism. [25] Examples of definitions include: Be ready to answer questions from your doctor so that you can spend time on areas you want to focus on. Some questions your doctor may ask include:

Gerstner, G. E. (2022, February 3). Sleep-related bruxism (tooth grinding). In A. F. Eichler (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved November 1, 2022, from Disturbance of the dopaminergic system in the central nervous system has also been suggested to be involved in the etiology of bruxism. [10] Evidence for this comes from observations of the modifying effect of medications which alter dopamine release on bruxing activity, such as levodopa, amphetamines or nicotine. Nicotine stimulates release of dopamine, which is postulated to explain why bruxism is twice as common in smokers compared to non-smokers. [5] Historical focus [ edit ]

Lobbezoo F, Lavinge GJ, Tanguay R, Montplaier JY. The effect of the catecholamine precursor L-dopa on sleep bruxism: a controlled clinical trial. Mov Disord. 1997. 12:73. There is a wide variation in reported epidemiologic data for bruxism, and this is largely due to differences in the definition, diagnosis and research methodologies of these studies. E.g. several studies use self-reported bruxism as a measure of bruxism, and since many people with bruxism are not aware of their habit, self-reported tooth grinding and clenching habits may be a poor measure of the true prevalence. [5] Several devices have been developed that aim to objectively measure bruxism activity, either in terms of muscular activity or bite forces. They have been criticized for introducing a possible change in the bruxing habit, whether increasing or decreasing it, and are therefore poorly representative to the native bruxing activity. [5] These are mostly of relevance to research, and are rarely used in the routine clinical diagnosis of bruxism. Examples include the "Bruxcore Bruxism-Monitoring Device" (BBMD, "Bruxcore Plate"), the "intra-splint force detector" (ISFD), and electromyographic devices to measure masseter or temporalis muscle activity (e.g. the " BiteStrip", and the "Grindcare"). [5] ICSD-R diagnostic criteria [ edit ]

Teeth grinding can increase the risk of problems with the joint that connects the lower jaw to the skull, known as the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). TMJ issuesThe relationship of bruxism with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, or temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome) is debated. Many suggest that sleep bruxism can be a causative or contributory factor to pain symptoms in TMD. [3] [5] [9] [15] Indeed, the symptoms of TMD overlap with those of bruxism. [16] Others suggest that there is no strong association between TMD and bruxism. [4] A systematic review investigating the possible relationship concluded that when self-reported bruxism is used to diagnose bruxism, there is a positive association with TMD pain, and when stricter diagnostic criteria for bruxism are used, the association with TMD symptoms is much lower. [17] In severe, chronic cases, bruxism can lead to myofascial pain and arthritis of the temporomandibular joints. [ medical citation needed] Tooth wear [ edit ]